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Leo's
works:
Cosmographia
Del Africa:
Leo's most important work is the Cosmographia Del Africa, a text
first published in Italy in 1550. This initial publication was the work
of Ramusio, a Venetian editor who did not know Leo, and admitted to 'modifying'
Leo's text. For centuries, scholars worked on this 'modified' version,
or its translations (some good, some particularly bad).
In 1931,
Ms. Angela Codazzi 'discovered' Leo's original manuscript in the Library
of the Vatican, unveiling great differences between Ramusio's text and
Leo's original words. Unfortunately since this discovery, no scholar has
edited and published the manuscript- though several have worked on excerpts.
Amongst the most impressive is D. Rauchenberger's German translation of
the pages relating to Leo's travels in the Sudan (in, Johannes Leo
der Afrikaner, Seine Beschreibung des Raumes zwischen Nil und Niger nach
dem Urtext, 1999, Harrassowitz Publishing House). Professor O. Zhiri
(UC Davis) and Professor N. Zemon-Davis (Princeton) have also done extensive
work on the manuscript. As of 2003 there was talk of finding funding for
editing the manuscript...
Editions (by Language):
Italian:
Title |
Della
descrittione dell'Africa et delle cose notabli che ivi sono |
Publication
information |
In
Ramusio, Primo volume delle navigationi et viaggi, Venice,
Giunti, 1550 |
Comments |
Ramusio
does not say how he obtained Leo's manuscript, but he 'rewrote' it,
making significant changes (which are observable when comparing to
the 1526 manuscript) |
Title |
Della
descrittione dell'Africa et delle cose notabli che ivi sono |
Publication
information |
Ramusio's
text was reedited in 1554, 1563, 1588, 1606 and 1613 |
Comments |
The
1588 edition has a modified preface which claims Leo died in Rome. |
Title |
Della
descrittione dell'Africa et delle cose notabli che ivi sono |
Publication
information |
Luigi
Plet, Venice, 1837 |
Comments |
Re-edition
of Ramusio's text by different editor |
Title |
Della
descrittione dell'Africa et delle cose notabli che ivi sono |
Publication
information |
Turin,
Eindaudi, 1978 |
Comments |
Re-edition
of Ramusio's text by different editor |
French:
Title |
Historiale
Description de l'Afrique tierce partie du monde... |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by Jean Temporal, Lyon, 1556, t.I |
Comments |
This
translation was based on the 1550 and 1554 editions of Ramusio's text.
According to Massignon, it is a poor translation, and he finds at
least 400 alterations between Temporal's text and Ramusio's. |
Title |
Historiale
Description de l'Afrique tierce partie du monde... |
Publication
information |
Reedited
in 1556 (Anvers, Plantin), in 1564 (Leyde, Berton), in 1830 (Paris,
Cordier) |
Comments |
Re-edition
of Temporal by different editors |
Title |
Description
de l'Afrique |
Publication
information |
in
Schefer, Charles, Recueil de Voyages et de documents pour servir
a l'histoire de la geographie, Paris, Leroux, 1896 |
Comments |
Charles
Schefer reedited Temporal's translation, using a more modern French
vocabulary. |
Title |
Description
de l'Afrique |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by Alexis Epaulard Paris, Maisonneuve, 1956 and 1980 |
Comments |
Most
recent complete translation of Leo's text. The translation was based
on Ramusio's texts, though the translator also alludes to a manuscript(which
had been discovered by A. Codazzi in 1931). |
Latin:
Title |
De
totius Africae descriptione libri IX... |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by Jean Florian, Anvers, Jean Latium, 1556, and 1588. Reedited in
Zurich (A. Geisner, 1559) and in Leyde (Elzevir, 1632) |
Comments |
According
to Massignon this is a very poor translation of Leo's work. Unfortunately
it served as a basis for the first English and Flemish texts. |
Flemish:
Title |
Pertinente
beschryvinge van Africa |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by Arnout Leers, Amsterdam, 1665 |
Comments |
Translation
based on the latin version, which itself was a poor translation of
Ramusio's version. |
German:
Title |
Beschreibung
von Africa |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by G. Lorbach, 1805 |
Comments |
Translation
based on Ramusio's 1550 edition. |
English:
Title |
A
geographical historie of Africa... |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by John Pory, London, Georg Bishop, 1600 |
Comments |
Translation
based on the Latin version, which itself was a poor translation of
Ramusio's version. |
Title |
The
history and description of Africa |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by John Pory, London, Robert Brown Editions, Hakluyt Society,1896 |
Comments |
Translation
based on the Latin version, which itself was a poor translation of
Ramusio's version. |
Arabic:
Title |
Wasf
Ifriquia |
Publication
information |
Trans.
by M.Hajji and M.Lakhdar, Beyrouth, 1983 (with an earlier edition
published in Rabat) |
Comments |
Translation
based on Epaulard's 1956 French edition. The first complete Arabic
translation of Leo's work. Supposedly, there is a 'rival' translation
by a Syrian scholar, published in Saudi Arabia, but of poor quality. |
Other
known works by Leo Africanus:
Few of Leo's other writings are still available today. Actually,
no one knows whether or not Leo produced many other written works, or
if the political turmoil of the 1520s made him unable to write (some scholars
speculate that his numerous allusions to scholarship- that he supposedly
read or wrote- are slight exxagerations on his part!). In the Cosmographia,
he alludes to several books he claims to have written, or planned to write.
We shall not list these 'hypothetical' works here, as a good list of them
may be found in Jean Leon L'Africain a la Renaissance (O.Zhiri,
Droz, 1991, p15-24). However, here is al list of known works:
Title |
De
viris quibusdam illustribus apud Arabes |
Language |
Latin |
Publication
information |
in
Hottinger, J-H, Bibliothecarius quadripartitus, Zurich, 1664 |
Comments |
This
text lists nearly 30 famous personages in Arabic history, and a brief
biography for each. |
Title |
Arab-Hebrew-Latin
Vocabulary |
Language |
Arab,
Hebrew, Latin |
Publication
information |
Manuscript
kept in the Escurial Library. Click
here for pictures of pages of the Manuscript. |
Comments |
This
text was commissioned by a Jewish doctor living in Italy, Jacob Ben
Simon. |
Title |
Treatise
on Metric arts |
Language |
Latin |
Publication
information |
in
A. Codazzi, Il trattato dell'arte metrica di Giovanni Leone Africano,
Studi orientalistici in onore di Giorgio Levi Della Vida, vol.
I, Rome, 1956 |
Comments |
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